Pattern of emotional development

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Emotional development takes on a pattern as the child matures. Emotional development proceeds from the relatively undifferentiated emotional responses of the infant upto what is called emotional maturity.

The first sign of emotional behaviour in infant is general excitement due to strong stimulation. The general excitement becomes differentiated between distress and delight by about three months of age. You must have observed infants crying intensely when  hungry, or when they are in pain or are left alone in the room. This shows a state of distress. On the other hand, the infants get delighted and make pleasant sounds by cooing and gurgling when they are being rocked, patted and played with.

● by about two years, the child starts displaying other emotions like fears, disgust, anger, jealousy, joy, elation and so on.

● let us try to understand some of the  common patterns to emotional behaviour such as fear, anger, jealousy, joy and pleasure in children. The fears commonly observed among small children are loud noises, animals, dark rooms, sudden displacement, strange persons, places, and objects. 

● the typical fear response in babies is to cry. As they grow old, overt fear response in babies is to cry.

● as they grow old, overt fear response are curbed by social pressure. The crying reactions cease, though the characteristic facial expression remain and the child withdraw from the fear objects.

● anger is a more frequently expressed emotion  in childhood than fear.

● small children are angered when their demands are not fulfilled, when some body interferes in their play, when their toys do not work the way they want, and if people do not give much attention to them.

● in older children, constant nagging and finding faults, teasing, lecturing, making unfavorable comparisons with other children will lead to anger.

● younger children who exhibit their anger by throwing things or tantrums. The older children exhibit their anger by being withdrawn to themselves or threating to run away.

● the most common sibling jealousy you will find in children is triggered by the birth of another child in the family.

You may heard the older sibling saying" why don't you throw him out of the window?", or telling the mother,' you give her away to somebody', or ' we don't want her at home.'

The child feels mainly because of a feeling of threat of losing a central position in the home and love and affection from the parents.

● in  older children, jealousy may arise when parents make comparison among siblings and show favoritism to a child who happens to be beautiful, intelligent, affectionate or is sick or handicapped. Jealousy developed in the home generally gets carried over to school when teacher and classmates make comparison among them.most of the jealous behaviour show an underlying insecurity and uncertainty.

● the jealous responses in younger children are most direct and aggressive, while older children express in a more direct way by being sarcastic or critical of other among the infants, theemotions of joy, happiness and delight come from their physical well-being.

● in older children, it may be successful achievement of goal that they have set for themselves which stimulates emotional expressions.they even show their joy by jumping up and down, clapping their hand, hugging, and kissing the person, animal or object that

has given rise to their joy.

Young children differ in their emotions from those of older children and adults.

The difference may be due to the influence of maturation and learning on emotional development. Individual differences are inevitable because of maturation and learning.

Young children's emotions are more intense. They  display their emotions more frequently. Their emotions  are transitory. 

● at one movement, you find them crying intensely and at the other moment they are happily laughing. It shows a rapid shift from one emotion to another. This may be due to lack of understanding of the situation. 

As they grow old their emotions become more persistent. The emotional responses reflects individuality.

● in fear arousing situation, one child may run out of the place when frightened, another may cry, and still another may hide some where.

There different reactions depend on their previous experience of learning and enviornment. 

These  variations are due to changes in their needs, interest and their values.children's emotions are transparent.